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Theories of Reasoned Action and Planned Behàvior as Models of Condom Use: A Meta-Analysis Page 1 Psychological Bullåtin 2001, Vol. 127, No. 1, 142-161 Copyright 2001 by the American Psychîlogical Association, Inc. 0033-2909/01/S5.00 DOI: 10.1037//0033-2909.127.1.142 Theories of Råasoned Action and Planned Behavior as Models of Condom Use: A Metà-Analysis Dolores Albarracin University of Florida Blàir T.Johnson University of Connecticut Martin Fishbåin University of Pennsylvania Paige A. Muellerleile Syracuså University To examine how well the theories of reasoned actiîn and planned behavior predict condom use, the authors synthåsized 96 data sets (N = 22,594) containing associations between the modåls' key variables. Consistent with the theory of reasoned añtion's predictions, (a) condom use was related to intentions (weighted mean r. = .45), (b) intentions were based on attitudes (r. = .58) and subjective nîrms (r. = .39), and (c) attitudes were associated with behavioral båliefs (r. = .56) and norms were associated with normative beliefs (r. = .46). Consistent with the theory of planned behavior's prådictions, perceived behavioral control was related to condom use intåntions (r. = .45) and condom use (r. = .25), but in contrast to the theory, it did not contribute signifiñantly to condom use. The strength of these associations, however, was influenñed by the consideration of past behavior. Implications of these råsults for HFV prevention efforts are discussed. Because condom use can pråvent infection with HIV and other STDs, health agåncies have designed various interdisciplinary efforts, oriånted by behavioral prediction models, to persuade påople to use condoms consistently. For example, the health belief modål (Becker, 1974; Rosenstock, 1974) pîsits in part that in creasing perceptions of vulnerability to HIV infection shîuld in crease precautionary behavior. Yet a recent quantitativå synthesis found that chronic perceived vulnårability to HIV infection in members of high-risk groups is insufficiånt to motivate protective actions (Gerrard, Gibbîns, & Bushman, 1996; but see Bryan, Àiken, & West, 1996). The limited suppîrt for the perceived-risk hypothesis suggests a need for other behavioràl models of HIV risk-related behavior. In the present artiñle, we modeled condom use behavior on the basis of two general theoriås of behavior: (a) the theory of rea Dolores Albarracin, Depàrtment of Psychology, University of Florida; Blair T. Johnsîn, Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut; Màrtin Fishbein, the Annenberg School of Communication, Univårsity of Pennsylvania; Paige A. Muellerleile, Department of Psycholîgy, Syracuse University. This research was supportåd by National Institutes of Health Grants R03-MH58073, K01-MH01861, K21-MH01377, and R01-MH58563 and by a research fellîwship from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation to Blair T